BIOECONOMICS: THE ESSENCE OF THE CONCEPT, STRATEGIES, STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL FORMS IN UKRAINE
Abstract
The paper analyzes various approaches to defining the definition of "bioeconomy", clarifying its essence, spheres of influence (field of application), its technological basis (biotechnology). It was determined that the bioeconomy is closely related to the circular economy, the nature of the circular economy, its main differences from the linear economy and the economics of processing have been clarified. It also paid attention to bioeconomic strategies adopted in different countries, identified the main directions of development of bioeconomies of these countries, reviewed the European Union program documents on bioeconomic issues, as well as major funds, international associations, forums operating in the bioeconomic sphere and unite stakeholders. The total volume of bioeconomy in Europe is analyzed (the share of bioeconomy and its percentage in individual sectors of economy is broken down by the share of bioeconomic income for each of the considered sectors and the share of employment in the bioeconomy sector), the main tasks of bioeconomic growth in Europe are determined. The Sustainable Development Goals have been identified and their achievements are related to bioeconomy in one way or another. The bioeconomy development rating based on the Global Biotechnology and Innovation Index, based on performance indicators, intellectual property rights, intensity, enterprise support, education and training, research and development funding, and policy, and policy, Ukraine is ranked in this rating by each indicator. The main economic sectors in Ukraine that use biotechnology are identified. Ukraine's bioeconomic strategy has not yet been formulated, in view of this it has identified the main obstacles to the development of the bioeconomy in Ukraine and directions that need to be developed.
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