ECONOMIC MECHANISMS FOR STIMULATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Abstract
The paper studies experience of stimulating renewable energy development in the European Union. Еnergy policy of the member states of the European Union for "green" energy sector development in the long term is considered. The existing economic mechanisms for support renewable energy in the context of stimulating of electricity generation and their advantages and disadvantages are given. The structuring variants of feed-in tariff, which is one of the most effective instrument for the rapid "green" energy development is investigated. The manuscript also analyzes the economic measures, which are used in combination with the main mechanisms for stimulate: net metering, tender schemes, investment grants, tax credits, subsidies, etc. The results of the effect of the regulation policy on the RE development are described. The principal barriers to increasing the renewable energy sources competitiveness in energy markets of the European Union are defined.
References
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Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century Renewables. (2014), Global Status Report, http://www.ren21.net/Portals/0/documents/e-paper/GSR2014/page147.html.
Fouquet, D. and Johansson, T. B. (2008), “European renewable energy policy at crossroads – Focus on electricity support mechanisms,” Energy Policy, 36, 4079–4092.
Jacobs, D. and Sovacool, B. (2012), “Feed-In Tariffs and Other Support Mechanisms for Solar PV Promotion,” Renewable Energy, 1, 73–109.
Haas, R., Panzer C., Resch, G., Ragwitz, M., Reece, G., and Held, A. (2011), “A historical review of promotion strategies for electricity from renewable energy sources in EU countries,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15 (2), 1003–1034.
Schallenberg-Rodriguez, J. and Haas, R. (2012), “Fixed feed-in tariff versus premium: A review of the current Spanish system”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16 (1), 293–305.
Bertoldi, P. and Huld, T. (2006), “Tradable certificates for renewable electricity and energy savings,” Energy Policy, 34, 212–222.
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (2012), Legal Frameworks for Renewable Energy, http://www.icafrica.org/fileadmin/documents/Knowledge/GIZ/Legal%20Frameworks%20for%20Renewable%20Energy.pdf.
European Photovoltaic Industry Association. (2013), Global market outlook for Photovoltaics 2014-2018, http://www.epia.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Publications/EPIA_Global_Market_Outlook_for_Photovoltaics_2014-2018_-_Medium_Res.pdf.
Frankfurt school UNEP Collaboration center for Climate & Sustainable Energy Finance. (2014), Global trends in renewable energy investment 2013 key findings, http://www10.iadb.org/intal/intalcdi/PE/2013/12352.pdf.
Bickel, P. and Friedrich, R. (2005), ExternE. Externalities of Energy, http://ec.europa.eu/research/energy/pdf/kina_en.pdf.
